Spar, rod, tube, pole, mast, and the like.



A. RYAN. SPAR, ROD, TUBE, POLE, MAST, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED APR, 4 I918. 1393208, Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

Z SHEETS-SHEET I.

Fly. 2.

A. RYAN SPAR, ROD, TUBE, POLE, MAST, AND THE LIKE. APPLICATIQN FILED APR. 4, I918.

1,93,208. Patented Feb. 4,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-l i 'l' RYAN, QF OLD, ENG-LAND, ASSIGIII'QR T BRITISH CELLULOSE Kt-CHEMICAL MFACTEUNG COMPANY, LIMITED, 015 LONDQN, ENG-LAND.

SPAR, ROD, TUBE, POLE, MASQL, AND T LIKE.

I 1,293,28. srlecifieetion of Ill-letters PatentlPatented Feb. 4!, 11919.

Application filed April 1918. Serial No. 226,730.

To all whom it may concern: If desired, internal reinforcements or Be it known that I, A FRED RYAN, of 43 sh eners of metal or other appropriate ma- Cranbrook street, Oldham, in the county of terial may be employed in the built-up body.

ancashire, England engineer, subject of In the case of hollowbodies, the adjacent the Klng of Great Brltain and Ireland, have edges of the elements or components of the invented certain new and useful Improvebuilt-up body are preferably thicker than ments Relating to Spars, Rods, Tubes, Poles. the general thickness of the element,thereby Masts, and the like, of which the following providing increased strength at the joint.

' is a specification. For binding or covering the body built up his invention has reference to spars, rods, of elements of wood, a textile fabric of any tubes, poles, masts and the l1ke, andits obsuitable kind may be employed. It may be ect 1s to construct the same in a novel man'-- in the form of a tape or strip wound on ner combining great strength and lightness. tightly in a lathe or by other means, or it Spars, rods, tubes,-poles, masts, and the may consist of a tube of canvas or other like according to the invention are confabric drawn tightly on to the built-up body, structed with built-up bodies formed of lonor of a fabric wrapped or wound tightly gitudinal elements or components of Wood, around the same and secured by stitching or so arranged as to have the grain running in otherwise. The tape or fabric may be glued general direction along the length of the or otherwise fixed in position on the built-up built-up body, said elements or components body when wound or applied thereon, and being glued or otherwise attached together be then coated or treated with the contractand the whole being covered or bound with a ing varnish or solution, or this latter may fabric which is coated, impregnated or treatitself serve to secure the fabrlc on the bu1lt- 75, ed with a varnish or solution, (hereinafter up body.

referred to as contractlng solution) which Ifrequired, more particularly in the case contracts on drying, thus assistinf 1n bindof Ion spars, rods, tubes, poles, masts or the mg the bullt-up body firmly an strongly like, t e built-up body may be made up of together. The varnish or solutlon employed wooden se ents or elements joined together 30 is preferablyone having a basis of cellulose end to en with the joints of the segments acetate, such varnishes or solutions not only or elements staggered, the whole being contract on drying, and assist in binding the ound or covered with a fabric which is built-up body firmly together, but provide a coated, impregnated or treated with a convery superior waterproof and preservative tracting varnish as mentioned. g5 coating for the structure. e accompanying drawings illustrate by Thebuilt-up bodies may be of anysection Way of illustration some examples of tubular e invention is of particular advantage for use on aircraft. er s the construction of hollow spars, rods, t'ubes, igure 1 is a cross section and Fig. 2 a o poles, masts and the like, enablin the maxiside view illustrating one form. j mum of strength to be provided or a mini Fig. 3 is a cross-section of a similar form mum of weight. showing an internal reinforcement of metal.

e grain of the. wood of the elements Flgs 4 and 5 are views similar to Figs. 1 should e's o selected that there is as little and 2 illustrating'a hexagonal construction.

cross graming as possible at any position. 1g. 6 is a cross section of another con- It is preferable so'to select the wood of the struction of stream-line form in section.

elements or components that in the cross sec- Fig. (illustrates a spar or rod similar to tion of the built-up body'the grain of the that of Figs. 1 and 2 having a stream-line wood shall as far as possible follow the outfairing fixed thereto. ice line of the section of the body, that is to say Fig. 8 is a view illustrating a long spar or that the medullary rays of the wood are 'aprod built up of. segments or elements joined proximately at right angles to the external up together with the joints staggered.

contour of the section at the given part. i a Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a solid spar elements 0 p g or rod built up of segments and bound by a tubular fabric.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the hollow rod is built up of three longitudinal elements a b 0, each element being a section of onethird of the circumference of the cross-section and each running parallel to the axis of the rod, and the grain of the wood of each element runs in general direction along the length of the rod. The grain of the wood is so selected that there is as little cross graining as possible at any position, and as seen in Fig. l, he wood of the elements is so selected that in the cross-section of the body the grain follows generally the outline of the section of the body. The adjacent edges of the elements of the built-up body are made thicker than the general thickness of the element, as indicated at d d d, in order to provide increased strength at the joints.

The elements after being machined or cut to shape are glued together along their ad acent edges.

The circular rod so made is then bound with fabric tape 6 wound on tightly in overlapping layers, for example in a lathe or like machine, the tape being glued in position or not as desired. The fabric covering is finally treated with a contracting adhesive varnish or solution such as a cellulose acetate solution.

In the example shown in Fig. 3 the construction is similar to the above except that a metal reinforcement of Y section is fitted in the interior of the hollow rod, hav-- ing its limbs f fixed between the adjacent edges of the segmental wooden parts a b 0.

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the hollow rod or spar of hexagonal section is built up of six wooden elements 9 h i k 1 selected and arranged as before mentioned as regards the graining and having thickened edges on at the joints, the elements bein attached together and bound .by a fabric tape n. and the whole treated with a contracting adhesive varnish as mentioned.

In Fig. 6 the hollow rod or spar is similarly built up of stream-line section of wooden 1- s t bound with fabric and treated with a contracting adhesive varnish or solution.

In Fig. 7 a hollow rod constructed as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 is shown fitted with a stream-line fairing a made of thin Wood sheets fixed along the sides of the hollow rod previously constructed and bound as described.

In Fig. 8 a hollow body for a long spar, rod or the like is shown as built up of shorter segments or elements selected and secured together in a similar manner to that described, but also joined together end to end with these joints '2) in staggered relation to each other. The whole is bound or covered With a fabric which is coated, impregnated or treated with a cellulose acetate solution or other contracting varnish as before mentioned.

In Fig. 9 a solid spar or rod is shown as built up of segmental elements 'w glued together and bound by a tubular fabric as drawn tightly over same and impregnated with a cellulose acetate solution or other contracting varnish.

It is to be understood that the particular constructions shown are given only by way of example and that spars, poles, tubes, masts and the like may be constructed in accordance with the invention as hereinbefore defined, either hollow or solid, and of any section and dimensions. Also the fabric binding or casin may be of any appropriate form and app ied in any suitable way, and the contracting varnish may be applied thereto after the fabric is bound or applied on the built-up body.

Rods made according to the invention may be constructed in any desired len hs or cut up into lengths according to requirement according to the particular application concerned.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secured by Letters Patent, is 1. A spar, rod, tube or the like, comprising longitudinal elements of wood fitted together and tightly bound by an enveloping fabric treated with a cellulose acetate solution which contracts on drying and assists in binding the elements of the built-up body together.

2. A wooden body, comprising longitudinal elements cemented together and sur-' rounded by ,a covering of textile fabric directly applied to the outside of said body and which is treated with a solution of cellulose acetate which on drying contracts and binds the elements of said body together.

3. A wooden body, comprising longitudinal elements of wood having the grain running in the general direction longitudinally of the body fitted together and in which the medullary rays of the wood are approximately at right angles to the external contour of the section at any given part, said body being tightly bound by an enveloping fabric treated with a solution which contracts on drying and assists in binding the elements of the built-up 4. A spar rod, tube or the like, comprismg a plurality of longitudinal elements of wood fittedtogether having the grain of the w ood runn1ng in the general direction longitudinally of the body and in which the general shape of the body follows in transverse section the transverse or annual grain of the wood, and an enveloping fabric treated with a solution which contracts on drying and assists in binding the elements of the built-up body together.

5. A spar, rod, tube or the like comprisbody together.

' ing a pluralit of unbent longitudinal elearcs struck from the central axis of the body,

ments of W00 cut to shape and fitted toand an enveloping fabric treated with a so- 10 gether having the grain running in the genlutionwhich contracts on drying and assists eral direction longitudinally of the body and in binding the elements of the built-up body 5 in which the general shape of the body in to ether.

transverse section follows the transverse or n testimony: whereof, I have hereunto annual grain of the wood whereby the ansubscribed my name. nual grain rings of the body are disposed in ALFRED RYAN. 

